Assessment of Complex Terminal Groundwater Aquifer for Different Use of Oued Souf Valley (Algeria) Using Multivariate Statistical Methods, Geostatistical Modeling, and Water Quality Index

This research aims to assess the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in Oued souf valley for drinking and irrigation purposes. To achieve this, 49 samples from complex terminal were examined treated concurrently with multivariate statistical methods, geostatistical modeling WQI (water quality index). Focusing on physico-chemical parameters, Q mode clustering analysis detected four major water groups, where mineralization augmented group 1 4. The hydro-chemical type was same, Ca-Mg-Cl-SO4 all groups. Calcite, dolomite, anhydrite, gypsum would be dominant reactions undersaturation evaporates minerals, based geochemical modeling, while carbonate minerals are precipitating. Geostatistical using ordinary Kriging demonstrated exponential semi-variogram model fitted EC (electrical conductivity), Ca2+ (calcium), Mg2+ (magnesium), K+ (potassium), HCO3− (bicarbonate), Cl− (chloride), SO42− (sulfate). At same time, rational quadratic best-fitted Na+ (sodium) NO3− (nitrate). EC, SO42−, have a strong spatial structure, Ca2+, Na+, K+, moderate structure. Moreover, there weak structure Cl−. shows that CT (complex aquifers) not suitable their fluctuates excellent quality.